Data Science 101: What is Predictive Analytics?

Predictive analytics in education uses historical student data and statistical models to estimate how students are likely to perform in the future.

For school district leaders, that forecast becomes a benchmark for setting goals, finding students who need support early, and measuring whether programs are working. ECRA has partnered with school districts for more than 40 years, and predictive analytics is the foundation of our K12 School Improvement solution.

The Short Answer

Predictive analytics uses past data, statistics, and machine learning to forecast future outcomes. In a school district, it estimates each student's expected performance so leaders can act before students fall behind and judge the impact of every program.

Definition

What Is Predictive Analytics?

Predictive analytics learns patterns from historical data and applies them to new data to estimate what is likely to happen. In K12 education, models use data districts already collect, such as prior assessment scores, attendance, and course grades, to predict how each student will perform. Most districts are rich in data about the past. Predictive analytics adds the forward look that makes data useful for planning.

Four Types of Analytics in a School District
TypeQuestion It AnswersSchool District Example
DescriptiveWhat happened?Last spring, 62 percent of grade 5 students met the reading benchmark.
DiagnosticWhy did it happen?Students with low fall attendance were less likely to meet it.
PredictiveWhat is likely to happen?Based on fall data, 48 current grade 5 students are predicted to miss the spring benchmark.
PrescriptiveWhat should we do?Place those 48 students in a reading intervention and monitor growth at winter checkpoints.
Everyday Examples

You Already Use Predictive Analytics

Predictive analytics is a proven tool in fields that make high stakes decisions every day.

Healthcare

Providers identify patients at risk for conditions such as diabetes and step in before the condition develops.

Finance

Banks estimate which loans are at risk of default and take proactive steps to reduce losses.

Weather

Every forecast you check before deciding whether to bring an umbrella is predictive analytics at work.

In Your District

How Do School Districts Use Predictive Analytics?

  • Identify students who need support early. See who is likely to fall behind while there is still time to change the outcome.
  • Set meaningful goals. Predictions based on each student's own history make school improvement goals both rigorous and realistic.
  • Target resources and instruction. Direct staff, time, and funding to the schools and students who need them most. West Aurora School District 129 uses predicted growth checkpoints to guide these conversations.
Measuring What Works

Program Impact and Academic ROI

Students will continue to grow with or without a program. The better question is how they grew compared with how they would have grown without it.

  1. 1See each student's observed growth with the program.
  2. 2Project where each student would likely perform without it.
  3. 3Measure the distance between the two. That distance is the academic ROI.

ECRA reports Academic Return on Investment as an effect size so leaders can compare programs and invest in what works.

Getting It Right

What Should District Leaders Plan For?

Challenges

  1. Data quality. Predictions are only as reliable as the data behind them.
  2. Student privacy. Student data must be protected under FERPA and state privacy laws.
  3. Bias and fairness. Models need regular review so predictions stay fair for every student group.

Best Practices

  1. Start with clear goals and decide how results will inform decisions.
  2. Work with trusted partners who use clean data and follow student privacy law.
  3. Aim beyond the prediction. A prediction is a starting point, and the goal is to help every student exceed it.
ECRA Solutions

How Does ECRA Use Predictive Analytics?

ECRA combines decades of K12 research with predictive analytics so school district leaders can see where students are headed and act to improve outcomes.

School Improvement

Predict student performance, set actionable goals, and monitor growth at checkpoints throughout the year.

Academic ROI

Measure the impact of programs and interventions on student growth.

Data Briefs

Board ready insights that put state results in context and compare your district with peers.

Strategic Dashboard

Track the key performance indicators tied to your strategic plan in one place.

Predictive Analytics FAQs

Quick answers to the questions school district leaders ask most about predictive analytics and measuring what works.

Explore More FAQs

What is predictive analytics in education?

Predictive analytics in education uses historical student data and statistical models to estimate how students are likely to perform in the future. School district leaders use those predictions to set goals, identify students who need support, and measure whether programs are working.

What data is used in predictive analytics for schools?

Predictive models in education typically use prior assessment scores, attendance, course grades, and other student indicators that districts already collect. The more complete and accurate the data, the more reliable the predictions.

Is student data protected when districts use predictive analytics?

It should be. Districts and their partners need to protect student data with measures such as encryption and access controls and handle it in line with FERPA and state student privacy laws.

How can a school district tell if a program is working?

Academic ROI compares each student's observed performance with a program to a projection of how that student would likely have performed without it. ECRA's Academic ROI methodology reports that distance as an effect size so leaders can compare programs and interventions.

How does ECRA use predictive analytics?

ECRA's School Improvement solution uses predictive analytics to estimate each student's expected performance, set meaningful goals, monitor growth, and measure the academic return on investment of district programs.